This builds on an initial situation analysis conducted by USAID LESTARI on the crucial role of peatland ecosystems in Aceh Province and the recommended steps to addressing the gaps in existing efforts to safeguard Rawa Singkil WR. This report recommends approaches for tackling deforestation and protecting the integrity of the peatland ecosystem, including through mitigating the conversion pressures associated with palm oil production. The findings lay out a vision for the long-term sustainability of the reserve. These approaches are consistent with USAID LESTARI’s technical scope in supporting the Government of Indonesia to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and conserve biodiversity in carbon rich and biologically significant forest and mangrove ecosystems and build on its existing support for the Leuser Landscape.